Evaluation focused on the rectum and lower colon to detect early rectal cancers or precancerous lesions.

Why Do I Need Screening?

  • Symptoms: rectal bleeding, change in stool caliber
  • High-risk factors: family history, inflammatory bowel disease

How Should I Prepare?

  • Bowel prep similar to colonoscopy if a full exam is planned.
  • Flexible sigmoidoscopy requires enema preparation only.
  • Medications: inform us of anticoagulant use.

What Happens During the Procedure?

  • Flexible Sigmoidoscopy: Sedation often not required; scope examines left colon and rectum.
  • Biopsy/Polypectomy: Performed if abnormalities are seen.
  • Duration: 10–20 minutes.

What Can I Expect Afterwards?

  • Minimal recovery time; resume normal diet immediately.
  • Mild cramping or bloating may occur.

Risks & Possible Complications

  • Bleeding from biopsy site (≤1%)
  • Perforation (<0.1%)

Follow-Up

  • Normal: repeat every 5 years.
  • Polyps or lesions: further colonoscopy or surveillance per guidelines.