Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty is a minimally invasive, endoscopic weight-loss procedure that reduces stomach volume by placing full-thickness sutures along the greater curvature, creating a narrow “sleeve.” Why Do I Need ESG? Indicated if you have: BMI 30–40 without or with mild obesity-related comorbidities Failed diet, exercise, or medical therapy Desire for a less invasive alternative [...]
Pancreatic cancer arises from the cells of the pancreas and often presents late with nonspecific symptoms. Early detection and a multidisciplinary treatment approach offer the best outcomes. Why Do I Need Management? You may require evaluation and treatment if you have: Painless jaundice or dark urine Unexplained weight loss and loss of appetite Upper abdominal [...]
Inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any GI segment; colitis refers to colon involvement. Why Do I Need Management? To control symptoms (pain, diarrhea), heal mucosa, and prevent strictures/fistulas. How Should I Prepare? Review current medications and recent imaging. What Happens During Management? Medication: Corticosteroids for induction, immunomodulators, biologics (adalimumab). Endoscopy/Imaging: Periodic colonoscopy or MR [...]
A chronic inflammatory disease affecting the colon’s mucosal lining, causing diarrhea and rectal bleeding. Why Do I Need Management? To induce and maintain remission, prevent complications (strictures, cancer). How Should I Prepare? Bring medication list and recent lab results. What Happens During Management? Medication: 5-ASA agents, corticosteroids for flare, immunomodulators (azathioprine), biologics (infliximab). Monitoring: Regular [...]
Benign polyps typically found in the distal colon; low risk of malignancy. Why Do I Need Management? Most require no treatment; removal if >1 cm to exclude serrated adenoma. How Should I Prepare? Bowel prep for colonoscopy if removal is planned. What Happens During Management? Snare Polypectomy: Endoscopic removal of large hyperplastic polyps. What Can [...]
Pseudopolyps that arise in inflammatory bowel diseases like ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Why Do I Need Management? They indicate ongoing inflammation but are not pre-cancerous. How Should I Prepare? Colonoscopy prep per IBD surveillance protocol. What Happens During Management? Surveillance: Regular colonoscopy to monitor disease activity. Therapy: Optimize IBD medications (5-ASA, biologics) to reduce [...]
Abnormal growths in the stomach lining; common types are fundic-gland and hyperplastic polyps. Why Do I Need Management? Fundic-gland polyps: usually benign; monitor size. Hyperplastic polyps >1 cm or with dysplasia: remove to rule out cancer. How Should I Prepare? Fasting 6 hours before endoscopy. Stop PPIs 2 weeks prior if safe. What Happens During [...]
Growths on the inner lining of the colon; types include adenomatous, hyperplastic, and inflammatory. Why Do I Need Management? Some polyps can transform into cancer if not removed. How Should I Prepare? Bowel prep as for colonoscopy. Discontinue blood thinners per protocol. What Happens During Management? Polypectomy: Endoscopic snare removal of polyps. EMR/ESD: Advanced resection [...]
An inherited condition (mismatch-repair gene mutations) increasing risk of colorectal, endometrial, and other cancers. Why Do I Need Management? Up to 80% lifetime colorectal cancer risk without surveillance. Elevated risk of endometrial and ovarian cancers. How Should I Prepare? Genetic counseling and testing for MSH2, MLH1, MSH6, PMS2 mutations. Baseline colonoscopy at age 20–25 or [...]
An inherited syndrome causing hundreds to thousands of colon polyps and a near-100% risk of colorectal cancer by age 40 if untreated. Why Do I Need Management? Early detection and prophylactic surgery can prevent cancer. How Should I Prepare? Genetic testing for APC mutation. Annual colonoscopy beginning at age 10–12. What Happens During Management? Surveillance: [...]
