Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by excess body fat (BMI ≥30) that increases risk of diabetes, hypertension, fatty liver, and certain cancers.

Why Do I Need Management?

Effective obesity management improves metabolic health, reduces comorbidities, and enhances quality of life.

How Should I Prepare?

  • Assessment:
    • BMI and waist-circumference measurement
    • Laboratory: fasting glucose, lipid profile, liver tests
    • Evaluation of eating behaviors, physical activity, and readiness for change
  • Goal Setting: Define realistic weight-loss targets (5–10% of body weight initially).

What Happens During Management?

A multidisciplinary approach tailored to you:

  1. Lifestyle Modification
    • Diet: calorie-controlled, Mediterranean or low-carb plan
    • Exercise: ≥150 minutes/week of moderate aerobic activity plus resistance training
    • Behavioral: self-monitoring, goal-setting, stress management
  2. Pharmacotherapy (if BMI ≥30 or ≥27 with comorbidities)
    • GLP-1 agonists (e.g., semaglutide)
    • Orlistat, naltrexone-bupropion as appropriate
  3. Endoscopic Therapies (if BMI 30–40 with failed conservative measures)
    • Intragastric balloon
    • Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG)
  4. Surgical Options (if BMI ≥40 or ≥35 with comorbidities)
    • Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB)
    • Sleeve gastrectomy

What Can I Expect Afterwards?

  • Initial Weight Loss: 5–15% within 6 months depending on modality.
  • Monitoring:
    • Clinic visits every 4–12 weeks during active treatment
    • Regular labs for glucose, lipids, liver function
    • Nutritional and psychological support

Risks & Possible Complications

  • Medication: gastrointestinal upset, rare gallstones
  • Endoscopic: nausea, suture or balloon-related complications
  • Surgical: leaks, nutritional deficiencies, hernias

Report severe side effects, signs of malnutrition, or procedure-related complaints immediately.

Follow-Up

  • Long-term follow-up for at least 2 years to monitor weight maintenance
  • Annual screening for obesity-related complications (diabetes, fatty liver, sleep apnea)
  • Ongoing access to nutrition, exercise, and behavioral support teams