What Is GERD?
Gastroesophageal reflux disease is chronic backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus, causing heartburn and potential esophageal injury.
Why Do I Need Treatment?
Untreated GERD can lead to esophagitis, strictures, Barrett’s esophagus, and increased cancer risk.
Treatment Approach
- Lifestyle: Weight loss, head-of-bed elevation, avoid triggers (spicy foods, caffeine).
- Medical:
- Antacids for mild symptoms
- H2 blockers (famotidine)
- Proton-pump inhibitors (omeprazole) for moderate to severe GERD
- Endoscopic: Radiofrequency (Stretta), endoscopic fundoplication (TIF).
- Surgical: Nissen fundoplication for refractory cases.
What Can I Expect Afterwards?
- Symptom improvement in days to weeks.
- Tapering PPI dose under physician guidance.
Risks & Possible Complications
- Long-term PPI side effects (B12 deficiency, bone density loss)
- Dysphagia post-fundoplication (10–15%)
Follow-Up
- Endoscopy for persistent or alarm symptoms (dysphagia, weight loss, bleeding).

