What Is Bariatric Surgery?
Surgical procedures (RYGB, sleeve gastrectomy) that alter stomach/intestine anatomy to induce significant weight loss and improve metabolic health.
Why Do I Need It?
Recommended when:
- BMI ≥40, or
- BMI ≥35 with obesity-related comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension)
- Failed medical weight‐loss programs
How Should I Prepare?
- Multidisciplinary Evaluation: Nutritionist, psychologist, cardiology, anesthesia.
- Pre-op Diet: Low-calorie, high-protein “liver-shrink” diet for 2–4 weeks.
- Fasting: NPO after midnight before surgery.
- Medication Review: Adjust anticoagulants and diabetic medications.
Common Procedures
- Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB): Small gastric pouch + bypass of proximal small bowel.
- Sleeve Gastrectomy: Vertical resection of ~80% of stomach to create a narrow sleeve.
What Can I Expect Afterwards?
- Hospital Stay: 2–3 days for laparoscopic, 3–5 days for open.
- Diet: Liquid phase 1–2 weeks, pureed 2–4 weeks, soft solids at 6 weeks.
- Supplements: Multivitamins, calcium, vitamin B12, iron.
- Activity: Early ambulation; avoid lifting >10 kg for 6 weeks.
Risks & Possible Complications
- Leak at staple line (1–3%)
- Nutritional deficiencies (protein, vitamins)
- Dumping syndrome (RYGB)
- Bleeding or infection (<5%)
Report severe pain, fever, tachycardia, persistent vomiting, or difficulty eating.
Follow-Up
- Clinic visits at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, then annually.
Lifelong nutritional monitoring and support.
